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<h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Datenmatrix</span></h1>
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<div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content mw-content-ltr" lang="de" dir="ltr"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="de" dir="ltr"><p>In der <a href="Statistik" title="Statistik">Statistik</a> ist die <b>Datenmatrix</b>, auch <b>Versuchsplanmatrix</b>,<sup id="cite_ref-:0_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <b>Designmatrix</b><sup id="cite_ref-:0_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> (von <a href="Englische_Sprache" title="Englische Sprache">englisch</a> <i>research design</i>: <a href="Deutsche_Sprache" title="Deutsche Sprache">deutsch</a> <i>Versuchsplan</i>), <b>Modellmatrix</b>, <b>Beobachtungsmatrix</b> oder <b>Regressormatrix</b> genannt, eine <a href="Matrix_(Mathematik)" title="Matrix (Mathematik)">Matrix</a>, die Daten über mehrere Merkmale mehrerer Personen oder Objekte (<a href="Statistische_Einheit" class="mw-redirect" title="Statistische Einheit">statistische Einheiten</a>) enthält. Sie ist Grundlage des <a href="Multiple_lineare_Regression#Das_klassische_Modell_der_linearen_Mehrfachregression" title="Multiple lineare Regression">klassischen Modells der linearen Mehrfachregression</a>.
</p><p>Der Begriff <a href="Versuchsplan" class="mw-redirect" title="Versuchsplan">Versuchsplan</a>- bzw. Designmatrix (bezeichnet mit <span class="mwe-math-element mwe-math-element-inline"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle \mathbf {X} }">
<semantics>
<mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
<mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0">
<mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
<mi mathvariant="bold">X</mi>
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<annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle \mathbf {X} }</annotation>
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</math></span><img src="./_assets_/eb734a37dd21ce173a46342d1cc64c92/9f75966a2f9d5672136fa9401ee1e75008f95ffd.svg" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.338ex; width:2.019ex; height:2.176ex;" alt="{\displaystyle \mathbf {X} }" loading="lazy"></span>) kommt aus dem Teilgebiet der <a href="Statistische_Versuchsplanung" title="Statistische Versuchsplanung">statistischen Versuchsplanung</a>, die sich mit dem statistisch optimalen Entwurf von Experimenten beschäftigt (siehe <a href="Optimale_Versuchsplanung" title="Optimale Versuchsplanung">Optimale Versuchsplanung</a>). Wenn die Werte der <span class="mwe-math-element mwe-math-element-inline"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle x_{ij}}">
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<mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
<mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0">
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<mi>x</mi>
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<annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle x_{ij}}</annotation>
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</math></span><img src="./_assets_/eb734a37dd21ce173a46342d1cc64c92/a27e97949cb2cc8f2d4c2a9421477a65f839db11.svg" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -1.005ex; width:2.807ex; height:2.343ex;" alt="{\displaystyle x_{ij}}" loading="lazy"></span> geplant sind (vom Forscher festgelegt), enthält die <span class="mwe-math-element mwe-math-element-inline"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle \mathbf {X} }">
<semantics>
<mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
<mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0">
<mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
<mi mathvariant="bold">X</mi>
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</mstyle>
</mrow>
<annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle \mathbf {X} }</annotation>
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</math></span><img src="./_assets_/eb734a37dd21ce173a46342d1cc64c92/9f75966a2f9d5672136fa9401ee1e75008f95ffd.svg" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.338ex; width:2.019ex; height:2.176ex;" alt="{\displaystyle \mathbf {X} }" loading="lazy"></span>-Matrix im Wesentlichen den Versuchsplan und wird daher manchmal als Versuchsplanmatrix bezeichnet.<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>
</p>
<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Definition">Definition</h2></div>
<p>Geht man davon aus, dass <span class="mwe-math-element mwe-math-element-inline"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle n}">
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<mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
<mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0">
<mi>n</mi>
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<annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle n}</annotation>
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</math></span><img src="./_assets_/eb734a37dd21ce173a46342d1cc64c92/a601995d55609f2d9f5e233e36fbe9ea26011b3b.svg" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.338ex; width:1.395ex; height:1.676ex;" alt="{\displaystyle n}" loading="lazy"></span> <a href="Untersuchungseinheit" class="mw-redirect" title="Untersuchungseinheit">Untersuchungseinheiten</a> vorliegen, an denen <span class="mwe-math-element mwe-math-element-inline"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle k=p-1}">
<semantics>
<mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
<mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0">
<mi>k</mi>
<mo>=</mo>
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<mn>1</mn>
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<annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle k=p-1}</annotation>
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</math></span><img src="./_assets_/eb734a37dd21ce173a46342d1cc64c92/9bbfb0e408e7bfc8008686582e2d4e4dfadf0632.svg" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.671ex; width:9.482ex; height:2.509ex;" alt="{\displaystyle k=p-1}" loading="lazy"></span> Variablen beobachtet wurden, dann ist der an der <span class="mwe-math-element mwe-math-element-inline"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle i}">
<semantics>
<mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
<mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0">
<mi>i</mi>
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<annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle i}</annotation>
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</math></span><img src="./_assets_/eb734a37dd21ce173a46342d1cc64c92/add78d8608ad86e54951b8c8bd6c8d8416533d20.svg" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.338ex; width:0.802ex; height:2.176ex;" alt="{\displaystyle i}" loading="lazy"></span>-ten Untersuchungseinheit beobachtete Wert der <span class="mwe-math-element mwe-math-element-inline"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle j}">
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<mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
<mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0">
<mi>j</mi>
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<annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle j}</annotation>
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</math></span><img src="./_assets_/eb734a37dd21ce173a46342d1cc64c92/2f461e54f5c093e92a55547b9764291390f0b5d0.svg" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.671ex; margin-left: -0.027ex; width:0.985ex; height:2.509ex;" alt="{\displaystyle j}" loading="lazy"></span>-ten Variable <span class="mwe-math-element mwe-math-element-inline"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle x_{ij}}">
<semantics>
<mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
<mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0">
<msub>
<mi>x</mi>
<mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
<mi>i</mi>
<mi>j</mi>
</mrow>
</msub>
</mstyle>
</mrow>
<annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle x_{ij}}</annotation>
</semantics>
</math></span><img src="./_assets_/eb734a37dd21ce173a46342d1cc64c92/a27e97949cb2cc8f2d4c2a9421477a65f839db11.svg" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -1.005ex; width:2.807ex; height:2.343ex;" alt="{\displaystyle x_{ij}}" loading="lazy"></span>. Die <i>Datenmatrix</i> ist definiert als die <span class="mwe-math-element mwe-math-element-inline"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle n\times p}">
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<mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
<mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0">
<mi>n</mi>
<mo>×<!-- × --></mo>
<mi>p</mi>
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<annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle n\times p}</annotation>
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</math></span><img src="./_assets_/eb734a37dd21ce173a46342d1cc64c92/43ad58cdd60e9b0ab2bec828151c740accf92028.svg" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.671ex; width:5.405ex; height:2.009ex;" alt="{\displaystyle n\times p}" loading="lazy"></span>-Matrix
</p>
<dl><dd><span class="mwe-math-element mwe-math-element-inline"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle \mathbf {X} =(x_{ij})_{n\times p}={\begin{pmatrix}1&x_{11}&x_{12}&\cdots &x_{1k}\\1&x_{21}&x_{22}&\cdots &x_{2k}\\\vdots &\vdots &\vdots &\ddots &\vdots \\1&x_{n1}&x_{n2}&\cdots &x_{nk}\end{pmatrix}}}">
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<mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
<mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0">
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<mo>=</mo>
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<mi>x</mi>
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<mn>11</mn>
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<mtd>
<msub>
<mi>x</mi>
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<mn>12</mn>
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</mtd>
<mtd>
<mo>⋯<!-- ⋯ --></mo>
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<msub>
<mi>x</mi>
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<msub>
<mi>x</mi>
<mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
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<msub>
<mi>x</mi>
<mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
<mn>22</mn>
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</msub>
</mtd>
<mtd>
<mo>⋯<!-- ⋯ --></mo>
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<msub>
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<mo>⋮<!-- ⋮ --></mo>
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<mo>⋮<!-- ⋮ --></mo>
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<mo>⋮<!-- ⋮ --></mo>
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<mo>⋱<!-- ⋱ --></mo>
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<msub>
<mi>x</mi>
<mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
<mi>n</mi>
<mn>1</mn>
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</msub>
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<mtd>
<msub>
<mi>x</mi>
<mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
<mi>n</mi>
<mn>2</mn>
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</msub>
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<mo>⋯<!-- ⋯ --></mo>
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<mtd>
<msub>
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<mi>n</mi>
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<mo>)</mo>
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<annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle \mathbf {X} =(x_{ij})_{n\times p}={\begin{pmatrix}1&x_{11}&x_{12}&\cdots &x_{1k}\\1&x_{21}&x_{22}&\cdots &x_{2k}\\\vdots &\vdots &\vdots &\ddots &\vdots \\1&x_{n1}&x_{n2}&\cdots &x_{nk}\end{pmatrix}}}</annotation>
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</math></span><img src="./_assets_/eb734a37dd21ce173a46342d1cc64c92/6e888583244ad31ba158ae1f4b4191a0e947b474.svg" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -6.505ex; width:44.551ex; height:14.176ex;" alt="{\displaystyle \mathbf {X} =(x_{ij})_{n\times p}={\begin{pmatrix}1&x_{11}&x_{12}&\cdots &x_{1k}\\1&x_{21}&x_{22}&\cdots &x_{2k}\\\vdots &\vdots &\vdots &\ddots &\vdots \\1&x_{n1}&x_{n2}&\cdots &x_{nk}\end{pmatrix}}}" loading="lazy"></span>.</dd></dl>
<p>Die <span class="mwe-math-element mwe-math-element-inline"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle i}">
<semantics>
<mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
<mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0">
<mi>i</mi>
</mstyle>
</mrow>
<annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle i}</annotation>
</semantics>
</math></span><img src="./_assets_/eb734a37dd21ce173a46342d1cc64c92/add78d8608ad86e54951b8c8bd6c8d8416533d20.svg" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.338ex; width:0.802ex; height:2.176ex;" alt="{\displaystyle i}" loading="lazy"></span>-te Zeile der Datenmatrix <span class="mwe-math-element mwe-math-element-inline"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle \mathbf {X} }">
<semantics>
<mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
<mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0">
<mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
<mi mathvariant="bold">X</mi>
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</mstyle>
</mrow>
<annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle \mathbf {X} }</annotation>
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</math></span><img src="./_assets_/eb734a37dd21ce173a46342d1cc64c92/9f75966a2f9d5672136fa9401ee1e75008f95ffd.svg" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.338ex; width:2.019ex; height:2.176ex;" alt="{\displaystyle \mathbf {X} }" loading="lazy"></span> ist der – mit den am <span class="mwe-math-element mwe-math-element-inline"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle i}">
<semantics>
<mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
<mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0">
<mi>i</mi>
</mstyle>
</mrow>
<annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle i}</annotation>
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</math></span><img src="./_assets_/eb734a37dd21ce173a46342d1cc64c92/add78d8608ad86e54951b8c8bd6c8d8416533d20.svg" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.338ex; width:0.802ex; height:2.176ex;" alt="{\displaystyle i}" loading="lazy"></span>-ten Objekt beobachteten Variablenwerten – gebildete <a href="Zeilenvektor" class="mw-redirect" title="Zeilenvektor">Zeilenvektor</a> <span class="mwe-math-element mwe-math-element-inline"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle \mathbf {x} _{i\mathbf {.} }^{\top }=(x_{i0},x_{i1},\dotsc ,x_{ik})}">
<semantics>
<mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
<mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0">
<msubsup>
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<mi mathvariant="bold">x</mi>
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<mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
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<mo mathvariant="bold">.</mo>
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<mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
<mi mathvariant="normal">⊤<!-- ⊤ --></mi>
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</msubsup>
<mo>=</mo>
<mo stretchy="false">(</mo>
<msub>
<mi>x</mi>
<mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
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<mn>0</mn>
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</msub>
<mo>,</mo>
<msub>
<mi>x</mi>
<mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
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<mo>,</mo>
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</msub>
<mo stretchy="false">)</mo>
</mstyle>
</mrow>
<annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle \mathbf {x} _{i\mathbf {.} }^{\top }=(x_{i0},x_{i1},\dotsc ,x_{ik})}</annotation>
</semantics>
</math></span><img src="./_assets_/eb734a37dd21ce173a46342d1cc64c92/2a2461c05d2e007592d5aaeff935aaf14e72693e.svg" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -1.005ex; width:22.93ex; height:3.176ex;" alt="{\displaystyle \mathbf {x} _{i\mathbf {.} }^{\top }=(x_{i0},x_{i1},\dotsc ,x_{ik})}" loading="lazy"></span>, <span class="mwe-math-element mwe-math-element-inline"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle i=1,\dotsc ,n}">
<semantics>
<mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
<mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0">
<mi>i</mi>
<mo>=</mo>
<mn>1</mn>
<mo>,</mo>
<mo>…<!-- … --></mo>
<mo>,</mo>
<mi>n</mi>
</mstyle>
</mrow>
<annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle i=1,\dotsc ,n}</annotation>
</semantics>
</math></span><img src="./_assets_/eb734a37dd21ce173a46342d1cc64c92/e7f2132430a61b900cf2c4380774394ca9f09c8c.svg" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.671ex; width:11.636ex; height:2.509ex;" alt="{\displaystyle i=1,\dotsc ,n}" loading="lazy"></span>. Man kann das <span class="mwe-math-element mwe-math-element-inline"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle i}">
<semantics>
<mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
<mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0">
<mi>i</mi>
</mstyle>
</mrow>
<annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle i}</annotation>
</semantics>
</math></span><img src="./_assets_/eb734a37dd21ce173a46342d1cc64c92/add78d8608ad86e54951b8c8bd6c8d8416533d20.svg" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.338ex; width:0.802ex; height:2.176ex;" alt="{\displaystyle i}" loading="lazy"></span>-te Objekt geometrisch als <a href="Punkt_(Geometrie)" title="Punkt (Geometrie)">Punkt</a> darstellen, indem man die Elemente als <a href="Koordinaten" class="mw-redirect" title="Koordinaten">Koordinaten</a> eines Punktes in einem <span class="mwe-math-element mwe-math-element-inline"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle p}">
<semantics>
<mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
<mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0">
<mi>p</mi>
</mstyle>
</mrow>
<annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle p}</annotation>
</semantics>
</math></span><img src="./_assets_/eb734a37dd21ce173a46342d1cc64c92/81eac1e205430d1f40810df36a0edffdc367af36.svg" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.671ex; margin-left: -0.089ex; width:1.259ex; height:2.009ex;" alt="{\displaystyle p}" loading="lazy"></span>-dimensionalen <i>Merkmalsraum</i> deutet, der von <span class="mwe-math-element mwe-math-element-inline"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle p}">
<semantics>
<mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
<mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0">
<mi>p</mi>
</mstyle>
</mrow>
<annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle p}</annotation>
</semantics>
</math></span><img src="./_assets_/eb734a37dd21ce173a46342d1cc64c92/81eac1e205430d1f40810df36a0edffdc367af36.svg" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.671ex; margin-left: -0.089ex; width:1.259ex; height:2.009ex;" alt="{\displaystyle p}" loading="lazy"></span> rechtwinkelig angeordneten Merkmalsachsen aufgespannt wird. Wenn man auf diese Art alle Zeilenvektoren von <span class="mwe-math-element mwe-math-element-inline"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle \mathbf {X} }">
<semantics>
<mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
<mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0">
<mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
<mi mathvariant="bold">X</mi>
</mrow>
</mstyle>
</mrow>
<annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle \mathbf {X} }</annotation>
</semantics>
</math></span><img src="./_assets_/eb734a37dd21ce173a46342d1cc64c92/9f75966a2f9d5672136fa9401ee1e75008f95ffd.svg" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.338ex; width:2.019ex; height:2.176ex;" alt="{\displaystyle \mathbf {X} }" loading="lazy"></span> als Punkte darstellt, ergibt sich eine die Objekte (Untersuchungseinheiten) repräsentierende Verteilung von Punkten im <a href="Merkmalsraum" title="Merkmalsraum">Merkmalsraum</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>
</p><p>Ebenso kann man die Datenmatrix als Zusammenfassung der <a href="Spaltenvektor" class="mw-redirect" title="Spaltenvektor">Spaltenvektoren</a> <span class="mwe-math-element mwe-math-element-inline"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle \mathbf {x} _{\mathbf {.} j}=(x_{1j},x_{2j},\dotsc ,x_{nj})^{\top }}">
<semantics>
<mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
<mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0">
<msub>
<mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
<mi mathvariant="bold">x</mi>
</mrow>
<mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
<mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
<mo mathvariant="bold">.</mo>
</mrow>
<mi>j</mi>
</mrow>
</msub>
<mo>=</mo>
<mo stretchy="false">(</mo>
<msub>
<mi>x</mi>
<mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
<mn>1</mn>
<mi>j</mi>
</mrow>
</msub>
<mo>,</mo>
<msub>
<mi>x</mi>
<mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
<mn>2</mn>
<mi>j</mi>
</mrow>
</msub>
<mo>,</mo>
<mo>…<!-- … --></mo>
<mo>,</mo>
<msub>
<mi>x</mi>
<mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
<mi>n</mi>
<mi>j</mi>
</mrow>
</msub>
<msup>
<mo stretchy="false">)</mo>
<mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
<mi mathvariant="normal">⊤<!-- ⊤ --></mi>
</mrow>
</msup>
</mstyle>
</mrow>
<annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle \mathbf {x} _{\mathbf {.} j}=(x_{1j},x_{2j},\dotsc ,x_{nj})^{\top }}</annotation>
</semantics>
</math></span><img src="./_assets_/eb734a37dd21ce173a46342d1cc64c92/d989d9c5ff45f1c723313090bc52c0b17812d8ee.svg" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -1.005ex; width:24.824ex; height:3.343ex;" alt="{\displaystyle \mathbf {x} _{\mathbf {.} j}=(x_{1j},x_{2j},\dotsc ,x_{nj})^{\top }}" loading="lazy"></span>, <span class="mwe-math-element mwe-math-element-inline"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle j=0,\dotsc ,k}">
<semantics>
<mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
<mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0">
<mi>j</mi>
<mo>=</mo>
<mn>0</mn>
<mo>,</mo>
<mo>…<!-- … --></mo>
<mo>,</mo>
<mi>k</mi>
</mstyle>
</mrow>
<annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle j=0,\dotsc ,k}</annotation>
</semantics>
</math></span><img src="./_assets_/eb734a37dd21ce173a46342d1cc64c92/d32d03058fae9ed1ba9afa8982297cbebd123360.svg" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.671ex; margin-left: -0.027ex; width:11.635ex; height:2.509ex;" alt="{\displaystyle j=0,\dotsc ,k}" loading="lazy"></span> deuten. Jeder Spaltenvektor ist einer Variablen <span class="mwe-math-element mwe-math-element-inline"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle X_{j}}">
<semantics>
<mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
<mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0">
<msub>
<mi>X</mi>
<mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
<mi>j</mi>
</mrow>
</msub>
</mstyle>
</mrow>
<annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle X_{j}}</annotation>
</semantics>
</math></span><img src="./_assets_/eb734a37dd21ce173a46342d1cc64c92/ca3cb1ef7c9f25e85e1957e4eb58a72fa16a0066.svg" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -1.005ex; width:2.834ex; height:2.843ex;" alt="{\displaystyle X_{j}}" loading="lazy"></span> zugeordnet und beinhaltet die an den Untersuchungseinheiten beobachteten Werte dieser Variablen. Mit diesen Werten können die Variablen in einem rechtwinkeligen Koordinatensystem, in dem die Achsen die <span class="mwe-math-element mwe-math-element-inline"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle n}">
<semantics>
<mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
<mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0">
<mi>n</mi>
</mstyle>
</mrow>
<annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle n}</annotation>
</semantics>
</math></span><img src="./_assets_/eb734a37dd21ce173a46342d1cc64c92/a601995d55609f2d9f5e233e36fbe9ea26011b3b.svg" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.338ex; width:1.395ex; height:1.676ex;" alt="{\displaystyle n}" loading="lazy"></span> Untersuchungseinheiten repräsentieren, als Punkte dargestellt werden. Im von den <span class="mwe-math-element mwe-math-element-inline"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle n}">
<semantics>
<mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
<mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0">
<mi>n</mi>
</mstyle>
</mrow>
<annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle n}</annotation>
</semantics>
</math></span><img src="./_assets_/eb734a37dd21ce173a46342d1cc64c92/a601995d55609f2d9f5e233e36fbe9ea26011b3b.svg" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.338ex; width:1.395ex; height:1.676ex;" alt="{\displaystyle n}" loading="lazy"></span> Achsen aufgespannten <i>Objektraum</i> lassen sich die Beziehungen zwischen den Variablen veranschaulichen.<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>
</p>
<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Alternative_Darstellungen">Alternative Darstellungen</h2></div>
<p>Die Datenmatrix <span class="mwe-math-element mwe-math-element-inline"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle \mathbf {X} }">
<semantics>
<mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
<mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0">
<mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
<mi mathvariant="bold">X</mi>
</mrow>
</mstyle>
</mrow>
<annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle \mathbf {X} }</annotation>
</semantics>
</math></span><img src="./_assets_/eb734a37dd21ce173a46342d1cc64c92/9f75966a2f9d5672136fa9401ee1e75008f95ffd.svg" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.338ex; width:2.019ex; height:2.176ex;" alt="{\displaystyle \mathbf {X} }" loading="lazy"></span> kann als eine <a href="Partition_(Mengenlehre)" title="Partition (Mengenlehre)">partitionierte</a> Matrix bezüglich ihrer <span class="mwe-math-element mwe-math-element-inline"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle p=k+1}">
<semantics>
<mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
<mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0">
<mi>p</mi>
<mo>=</mo>
<mi>k</mi>
<mo>+</mo>
<mn>1</mn>
</mstyle>
</mrow>
<annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle p=k+1}</annotation>
</semantics>
</math></span><img src="./_assets_/eb734a37dd21ce173a46342d1cc64c92/1be43960847699b78dbedcfe85bc22ac5d359245.svg" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.671ex; margin-left: -0.089ex; width:9.571ex; height:2.509ex;" alt="{\displaystyle p=k+1}" loading="lazy"></span> Spalten ausgedrückt werden als
</p>
<dl><dd><span class="mwe-math-element mwe-math-element-inline"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle \mathbf {X} =(\mathbf {1} ,\mathbf {x} _{(1)},\mathbf {x} _{(2)},\dotsc ,\mathbf {x} _{(k)})}">
<semantics>
<mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
<mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0">
<mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
<mi mathvariant="bold">X</mi>
</mrow>
<mo>=</mo>
<mo stretchy="false">(</mo>
<mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
<mn mathvariant="bold">1</mn>
</mrow>
<mo>,</mo>
<msub>
<mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
<mi mathvariant="bold">x</mi>
</mrow>
<mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
<mo stretchy="false">(</mo>
<mn>1</mn>
<mo stretchy="false">)</mo>
</mrow>
</msub>
<mo>,</mo>
<msub>
<mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
<mi mathvariant="bold">x</mi>
</mrow>
<mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
<mo stretchy="false">(</mo>
<mn>2</mn>
<mo stretchy="false">)</mo>
</mrow>
</msub>
<mo>,</mo>
<mo>…<!-- … --></mo>
<mo>,</mo>
<msub>
<mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
<mi mathvariant="bold">x</mi>
</mrow>
<mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
<mo stretchy="false">(</mo>
<mi>k</mi>
<mo stretchy="false">)</mo>
</mrow>
</msub>
<mo stretchy="false">)</mo>
</mstyle>
</mrow>
<annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle \mathbf {X} =(\mathbf {1} ,\mathbf {x} _{(1)},\mathbf {x} _{(2)},\dotsc ,\mathbf {x} _{(k)})}</annotation>
</semantics>
</math></span><img src="./_assets_/eb734a37dd21ce173a46342d1cc64c92/4e23ed1cda7b152a31b2e5fcfe5d8054976edc01.svg" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -1.171ex; width:26.778ex; height:3.176ex;" alt="{\displaystyle \mathbf {X} =(\mathbf {1} ,\mathbf {x} _{(1)},\mathbf {x} _{(2)},\dotsc ,\mathbf {x} _{(k)})}" loading="lazy"></span>.</dd></dl>
<p>Die Spalten der Datenmatrix <span class="mwe-math-element mwe-math-element-inline"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle \mathbf {X} }">
<semantics>
<mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
<mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0">
<mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
<mi mathvariant="bold">X</mi>
</mrow>
</mstyle>
</mrow>
<annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle \mathbf {X} }</annotation>
</semantics>
</math></span><img src="./_assets_/eb734a37dd21ce173a46342d1cc64c92/9f75966a2f9d5672136fa9401ee1e75008f95ffd.svg" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.338ex; width:2.019ex; height:2.176ex;" alt="{\displaystyle \mathbf {X} }" loading="lazy"></span> inklusive des <a href="Einsvektor" class="mw-redirect" title="Einsvektor">Einsvektors</a> <span class="mwe-math-element mwe-math-element-inline"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle \mathbf {1} }">
<semantics>
<mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
<mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0">
<mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
<mn mathvariant="bold">1</mn>
</mrow>
</mstyle>
</mrow>
<annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle \mathbf {1} }</annotation>
</semantics>
</math></span><img src="./_assets_/eb734a37dd21ce173a46342d1cc64c92/235ffc0f1788b720aef5caa7b97246a84421fd0e.svg" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.338ex; width:1.337ex; height:2.176ex;" alt="{\displaystyle \mathbf {1} }" loading="lazy"></span> sind alle <span class="mwe-math-element mwe-math-element-inline"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle n}">
<semantics>
<mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
<mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0">
<mi>n</mi>
</mstyle>
</mrow>
<annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle n}</annotation>
</semantics>
</math></span><img src="./_assets_/eb734a37dd21ce173a46342d1cc64c92/a601995d55609f2d9f5e233e36fbe9ea26011b3b.svg" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.338ex; width:1.395ex; height:1.676ex;" alt="{\displaystyle n}" loading="lazy"></span>-dimensionale Vektoren und daher Punkte im Datenraum. Da für gewöhnlich angenommen wird, dass <span class="mwe-math-element mwe-math-element-inline"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle \mathbf {X} }">
<semantics>
<mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
<mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0">
<mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
<mi mathvariant="bold">X</mi>
</mrow>
</mstyle>
</mrow>
<annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle \mathbf {X} }</annotation>
</semantics>
</math></span><img src="./_assets_/eb734a37dd21ce173a46342d1cc64c92/9f75966a2f9d5672136fa9401ee1e75008f95ffd.svg" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.338ex; width:2.019ex; height:2.176ex;" alt="{\displaystyle \mathbf {X} }" loading="lazy"></span> von <a href="Rang_(Lineare_Algebra)" title="Rang (Lineare Algebra)">Rang</a> <span class="mwe-math-element mwe-math-element-inline"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle k+1}">
<semantics>
<mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
<mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0">
<mi>k</mi>
<mo>+</mo>
<mn>1</mn>
</mstyle>
</mrow>
<annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle k+1}</annotation>
</semantics>
</math></span><img src="./_assets_/eb734a37dd21ce173a46342d1cc64c92/552a558062ed4c0486297b5b5531c5ee044dbd9b.svg" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.505ex; width:5.214ex; height:2.343ex;" alt="{\displaystyle k+1}" loading="lazy"></span> ist, sind die Vektoren <a href="Lineare_Unabh%C3%A4ngigkeit" title="Lineare Unabhängigkeit">linear unabhängig</a>. Die Menge aller möglichen <a href="Linearkombination" title="Linearkombination">Linearkombinationen</a> der Spalten von <span class="mwe-math-element mwe-math-element-inline"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle \mathbf {X} }">
<semantics>
<mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
<mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0">
<mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD">
<mi mathvariant="bold">X</mi>
</mrow>
</mstyle>
</mrow>
<annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle \mathbf {X} }</annotation>
</semantics>
</math></span><img src="./_assets_/eb734a37dd21ce173a46342d1cc64c92/9f75966a2f9d5672136fa9401ee1e75008f95ffd.svg" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.338ex; width:2.019ex; height:2.176ex;" alt="{\displaystyle \mathbf {X} }" loading="lazy"></span> bilden eine <a href="Teilmenge" title="Teilmenge">Teilmenge</a> des Datenraums.<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>
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<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Einzelnachweise">Einzelnachweise</h2></div>
<ol class="references">
<li id="cite_note-:0-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">↑ <sup><a href="#cite_ref-:0_1-0">a</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-:0_1-1">b</a></sup></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="cite"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130919123146/http://isi.cbs.nl/glossary/term923.htm"><i>design matrix.</i></a> Glossary of statistical terms. In: <i><a href="International_Statistical_Institute" title="International Statistical Institute">International Statistical Institute</a>.</i> 1. Juni 2011, archiviert vom <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r250917974">
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</style><span class="dewiki-iconexternal"><a class="external text" href="https://redirecter.toolforge.org/?url=http%3A%2F%2Fisi.cbs.nl%2Fglossary%2Fterm923.htm">Original</a></span> (nicht mehr online verfügbar) am <span style="white-space:nowrap;">19. September 2013</span><span>;</span><span class="Abrufdatum"> abgerufen am 19. Mai 2020</span> (englisch).</span> <small class="archiv-bot"><span class="wp_boppel noviewer" aria-hidden="true" role="presentation"><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="i"></span></span></span> <b>Info:</b> Der Archivlink wurde automatisch eingesetzt und noch nicht geprüft. Bitte prüfe Original- und Archivlink gemäß Anleitung und entferne dann diesen Hinweis.</small><span style="display:none"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://IABotmemento.invalid/http://isi.cbs.nl/glossary/term923.htm">@1</a></span><span style="display:none"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://isi.cbs.nl/glossary/term923.htm">@2</a></span><span style="display:none">Vorlage:Webachiv/IABot/isi.cbs.nl</span><span style="display: none;" class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Adc&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fde.wikipedia.org%3ADatenmatrix&rft.title=design+matrix&rft.description=design+matrix&rft.identifier=https%3A%2F%2Fweb.archive.org%2Fweb%2F20130919123146%2Fhttp%3A%2F%2Fisi.cbs.nl%2Fglossary%2Fterm923.htm&rft.date=2011-06-01&rft.source=http://isi.cbs.nl/glossary/term923.htm&rft.language=en"> </span></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-2">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Rencher, Alvin C., und G. Bruce Schaalje: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.utstat.toronto.edu/~brunner/books/LinearModelsInStatistics.pdf"><i>Linear models in statistics.</i></a>, John Wiley & Sons, 2008., S. 139</span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-3">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Werner Timischl: <i>Angewandte Statistik. Eine Einführung für Biologen und Mediziner.</i> 3. Auflage. 2013, S. 420.</span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-4">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Werner Timischl: <i>Angewandte Statistik. Eine Einführung für Biologen und Mediziner.</i> 3. Auflage. 2013, S. 420.</span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-5">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Rencher, Alvin C., und G. Bruce Schaalje: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.utstat.toronto.edu/~brunner/books/LinearModelsInStatistics.pdf"><i>Linear models in statistics.</i></a>, John Wiley & Sons, 2008., S. 153.</span>
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<div class="klappleiste-kopf">Spezielle Matrizen in der Statistik</div>
<div class="klappleiste-inhalt mw-collapsible-content">
<p><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Datenmatrix</a> |
<a href="Produktsummenmatrix" title="Produktsummenmatrix">Produktsummenmatrix</a> |
<a href="Pr%C3%A4diktionsmatrix" title="Prädiktionsmatrix">Prädiktionsmatrix</a> |
<a href="Residuenerzeugende_Matrix" class="mw-redirect" title="Residuenerzeugende Matrix">residuenerzeugende Matrix</a> |
zentrierende Matrix |
<a href="Kovarianzmatrix" title="Kovarianzmatrix">Kovarianzmatrix</a> |
<a href="Korrelationsmatrix" title="Korrelationsmatrix">Korrelationsmatrix</a> |
<a href="Pr%C3%A4zisionsmatrix" class="mw-redirect" title="Präzisionsmatrix">Präzisionsmatrix</a> |
Gewichtsmatrix |
Restriktionsmatrix |
<a href="Fisher-Informationsmatrix" class="mw-redirect" title="Fisher-Informationsmatrix">Fisher-Informationsmatrix</a> |
Bernoulli-Matrix |
<a href="Leslie-Matrix" title="Leslie-Matrix">Leslie-Matrix</a> |
<a href="Zufallsmatrix" title="Zufallsmatrix">Zufallsmatrix</a> |
<a href="%C3%9Cbergangsmatrix" title="Übergangsmatrix">Übergangsmatrix</a>
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